The Three Treasures: Jing, Qi, Shen (San Bao)

theory foundations

The three treasures—jing (essence), qi, and shen (spirit)—are considered the fundamental “treasures” of life. Jing is the densest substance, the foundation of growth and reproduction, stored in the kidneys; qi is a more subtle, moving, and warming force; shen is the most subtle—consciousness and vital spirit—and is associated with the heart. They are interconvertible: jing nourishes qi, qi sustains shen, and the state of shen reflects the abundance of jing and qi. Preserving the three treasures is the foundation of longevity and the practices of cultivating life (yangsheng).